Stem cell therapy is relatively new and fast developing field. There is huge interest among general public, patients suffering from incurable and difficult to cure diseases, professionals, scientists and investors in this area of therapeutic medicine. Significant stem cell research has grown rapidly in the past few years, with series of important discoveries, such as induced pluripotent stem, or iPS, cells and engineered stem/progenitor cells. Today there are at least 17 R & D stem cell-based products for the treatment of peripheral arterial disease which are undergoing development by a number of companies worldwide with intention to be commercialized. In addition, a vast array of universities, institutions and government agencies are conducting their own research in this field.

Stem cell-based therapies for peripheral arterial disease are expected to fulfill two goals to be efficient: they have to provide better circulation through angiogenesis or neoangiogenesis, and to regenerate lost muscle and other tissues in the affected limb.

Stem Cell Therapy for Peripheral Arterial Disease report features 17 R & D product profiles, 21 company profiles and investors information. This report emphasizes advantages and disadvantages of particular cell therapies for peripheral arterial disease, characteristics and origin of used cells, mechanism of their action, types of delivery, efficacy and adverse effects, design of clinical trials and results of completed clinical studies and clinical trials.

Analysis reveals that high percentage (53%) of all stem cell-based R & D products for the treatment of peripheral arterial disease are in clinical stage of development. Adult stem cells and their progeny are dominant in this pipeline, with 94% of all products. Only one product is based on embryonic stem cells.

Expects that this pipeline, together with stem cell pipeline for the treatment of cardiac diseases, will produce one of the first approved stem cell-based therapeutic products. Also, in the future, stem cell-based products for the treatment of peripheral arterial disease will use more endothelial progenitor cells instead of undifferentiated mesenchymal and mesenchymal-like stem cells.

 

 

1. Introduction

1.1. Peripheral Arterial Disease

1.2. Stem Cell Therapy for Cardiac Diseases.
 

2. Stem Cells

2.1. Adult Stem Cells

2.1.1. Origin of Adult Stem Cells

2.1.2. Sources of Adult Stem Cells Used for the Treatment of Cardiac Diseases

2.1.3. Generation of Endothelial and Skeletal Muscle Cells from Adult Stem Cells

2.1.4. Types of Adult Stem Cells

2.1.4.1. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)

2.1.4.2. Mesenchymal-Like Stem Cells

2.1.5. Advantages and Disadvantages of Adult Stem Cells for Therapeutic Use in Peripheral Arterial Disease

2.1.6. Types of Adult Stem Cell Transplantations for Peripheral Arterial Disease

2.1.7. Manipulation of Adult Stem Cells Ex Vivo

2.1.7.1. Isolation of Adult Stem Cells

2.1.7.2. Expansion of Adult Stem Cells in Vitro (Bioreactors)

2.1.7.3. Adult Stem Cell Differentiation in Vitro (Biochips)

2.1.7.4. Encapsulation of Adult Stem Cells

2.1.7.5. Cryopreservation of Adult Stem Cells

2.1.8. Manipulation of Adult Stem Cells in Vivo

2.1.8.1. Activation of Dormant Adult Stem Cells in Vivo

2.1.8.2. Stimulation of Proliferation and Differentiation of Adult Stem Cells in Vivo

2.1.8.3. Mobilization of Adult Stem Cells in Vivo

2.2. Embryonic Stem Cells

2.2.1. Advantages and Disadvantages of Embryonic Stem Cells for Therapeutic Use

2.2.2. Growth of Embryonic Stem Cells

2.2.3. Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells

2.3. Engineered Stem Cells
 

3. Stem Cell Therapies for Peripheral Arterial Disease

3.1. Endothelial Stem Cells for the Treatment of PAD

3.1.1. In Vivo Modulation of Endothelial Stem and Progenitor Cells for the Treatment of PAD

3.1.2. Engineered Endothelial Stem and Progenitor Cells for the Treatment of PAD

3.2. Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of PAD

3.3. Hematopoetic Stem Cells for the Treatment of PAD
 

4. Delivery of Stem and Progenitor Cells for the Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Disease

5. Results of Clinical Studies and Clinical Trials

6. Pipeline Analysis

7. Pipeline Development and Commercialization Expectations

8. R & D Product Profiles

9. Companies and Investors

9.1. Company Profiles

9.2. Venture Capital Investors
 

10. Investing in Companies Developing Stem Cell Therapies for Spinal Cord Injury:

Five Points to Consider
 

11. Conclusion

A. Graphs

Graph 1. Number (in Thousands) of Hospital Discharges with a Lower Extremity Condition (LED)

B. Illustrations

Illustration 1. DPN® renders precise nanopatterns capable of producing a homogeneous population of differentiated adult cells.

Illustration 2. Calf Muscles Used for Local Delivery of Stem and Progenitor Cell-Based Therapy of Peripheral Arterial Disease

C. Photos

Photo 1. EndGenitor’s ECFCs® differentiating to form tube-like capillaries when stimulated in vitro

D. Tables

Table 1. Adult Stem Cells-Derived Endothelial and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

Table 2. Stem Cell Therapeutic Products for Peripheral Arterial Disease

Table 3. Type and Sources of Stem Cells for the Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Disease

Table 4. Companies and Investors