This is the The Company review and forecast of global market consumption of Driver Integrated Circuits (ICs) used for High-Brightness Light Emitting Diode (HB-LED) illumination.   Values include LED Driver IC (packaged chip only); therefore, the Printed Circuit Board (PCB), circuit board enclosure and miscellaneous discrete components or functions are not included.
   
 The light emitting diode (LED) market, despite exciting innovative devices driven by technological advances and ecological/energy-saving concerns, still face challenges in overcoming performance/price limitations and in attracting widespread consumption.  The use of LEDs in general lighting, as well as several other applications discussed in this report service, is increasing. For example, in the general lighting application, the increase in consumption is initially driven from government-based retrofitting projects – then to commercial/business – and eventually to the consumer-level.
  
 High Brightness (HB) LEDs face the challenge of creating definitive positions in the illumination market, as competing lighting solutions are readily available and accepted.  While this does not limit the potential success of HB-LEDs, it does create some challenges.  High Brightness (HB) LEDs, defined by The Company for the purpose of this study as component-level bulbs (packaged LEDs) with a lumens/Watt rating of 30 lm/W and above. 
  
 The lumen (lm) is the unit of luminous flux, equal to the amount of light given out through a solid angle by a source of 1-candela intensity radiating equally in all directions (or the measure of the power of light perceived by the human eye). The watt (W) is a derived unit of power, measuring the rate of energy conversion.  While Watt is however a physical unit, lumen is a physiological size.
  
 The market review and forecast (2010-2017) data for HB-LED Driver ICs are segmented by the following functions:
  
 · Consumption Value (US$, million)
 · Quantity (number/units)
 · Average Selling Prices (ASP $, each)
  
             The consumption value is determined by multiplying the number of HB-LED driver integrated circuits by the average selling price.  The average selling prices are based on the price of the HB-LED driver integrated circuit at the initial factory level. The value is then based on the end-use application and the end-use region.  LED driver ICs range from simple and lower cost linear regulators to advanced complex switching regulators configured in buck, boost, buck-boost, and SEPIC topologies.  The consumption values are based on the end-user application and the end-user region.
  
 The market data are segmented into the following geographic regions, plus a Global summary:
  
 The Americas (North America, Central and South America)
 EMEA (Europe, Middle Eastern countries, plus Africa)
 APAC (Asia Pacific)
  
  
 The global HB-LED Driver IC market is segmented into the following application categories and sub-applications:
  
 ·    Vehicle
 o   Interior
 o   Exterior
 o   Display/Backlight
 
 ·    Solid-State Lighting: General Lighting
 
 o   Exterior
 §  Street Lighting
 §  Other Exterior
 
 o   Interior
 · TV/Desktop/Monitor: Backlight                             
 · Portable/Small/Notebook/Other Devices: Light/Backlight                               
 · Signage and Professional Display                                  
 · Stationary Signals                          
 · Test/Medical/Science/Specialty Applications                            
  
  
  
 Product Level Quantified in this The Company Study           
  
 Below, are four levels (or “food chain”) of HB-LED Driver Integrated Circuits (ICs).  For the purposes of this The Company study, we quantify and provide market forecasts for “Level 3”
  
 Level 1 – The wafer
 Level 2 – The bare die
 Level 3 – The packaged LED Driver IC (chip) 
 Level 4 – LED Driver IC mounted on PCB with external/discrete components
  
  The assumed prices are the estimated or forecast average prices paid during the indicated calendar year.  These are the original manufacturer’s (“factory”) prices invoiced to the first (original) customer (distributor, wholesale, retail, end-user, etc), or transfer prices for internal (captive) production. 
  
 Market Opportunity Analysis – Market Dynamics   The study process by The Company take into account the following points:
  
 Standards on or related to LED lighting (including general regulations & standards, environmental issues etc.)
 Policies and schemes for promoting the penetration of LED lighting
 Industry trends in LED lighting fixtures
 End-product: Distribution Channel (DIY stores, other stores, Web-based, other)
 LED Lighting industry competitive environment
  
 Total cost of ownership (TCO) is a major Market Driver     The use of HB-LED Driver ICs, which is driven by promised savings in maintenance/ labor, as well as “Green-Tech” (ecology-oriented) issues.  For example: LED lamps are used in new construction, as well as retrofitting/replacement of existing (installed-based) lamps. The Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) is a key marketing dynamic relative to LED Lamps, which typically have a premium price point versus other lighting solutions. 
  
 TCO, when incorporated in any financial benefit analysis, provides a cost basis for determining the economic value of an investment. Examples include: return on investment, internal rate of return, economic value added, return on information technology, and rapid economic justification. A TCO analysis includes total cost of acquisition and operating costs. A TCO analysis is used to gauge the viability of any capital investment. An enterprise may use it as a product/process comparison tool.  Some of the key elements incorporated in the cost of ownership for LED-based lamps vehicle include:
  
 Depreciation Costs (LEDs last longer)
 Energy Costs (LED s use less energy)
 Repairs (Especially true as a comparison vs. Ballasts in fluorescent tubes)
 Funding programs and other government-based financial incentives
 Maintenance Costs (Lower labor costs/less lamp replacements)
  
 Opportunity Costs are also in the TCO mix, since The Company takes into account that using LED (energy-efficient lighting and other carbon footprint/pollution issues) depicts the organization, which installs them, as a good corporate citizen; therefore, increased sales revenue may be a benefit, since customers may prefer to reward the “green-oriented” company by purchasing products fro the company.
  
 According to a new market research study by The Company, the worldwide consumption value of HB-LED Driver ICs used in selected lighting applications reached $1.21 million in 2010. During the 2010-2017 timeline, we forecast that the consumption value will grow at an average annual rate of 21.6 percent to $4.77 billion in the year 2016. [1]

1. Executive Summary 1-1
 1.1 HB-LED Driver ICs Global Market Overview 1-1
 1.2 LED Chips Used in Lighting 1-51
 2. LEDs – Technology Overview 2-1
 3. HB-LED Driver ICs Application Market Forecast 3-1
 3.1 Overview 3-1
 3.2 HB-LED Driver ICs Application Market Forecast: Vehicles 3-19
 3.3 HB-LED Driver ICs Application Market Forecast: SSL-General Lighting 3-64
 3.4 HB-LED Driver ICs Application Market Forecast: TV/Desktop/Monitor: Backlight 3-143
 3.5 HB-LED Driver ICs Application Market Forecast: Portable/Notebook/Other: Light/Backlight 3-157
 3.6 HB-LED Driver ICs Application Market Forecast: Signage and Professional Displays 3-168
 3.7 HB-LED Driver ICs Application Market Forecast: Stationary Signals 3-189
 3.8 HB-LED Driver ICs Application Market Forecast: Test/Medical/Science/Specialty Applications 3-207
 4. Lighting Standards and Protocols 4-1
 5. Profile of LED and Related Companies -- Selected Competitors (over 270 companies) 5-1
 6. Market Research Methodology 6-1
 7. Definitions - Acronyms, Abbreviations, and General Terms 7-1
 8. Market Forecast Data Base Explanation 8-1
 8.1 Overview 8-1
 8.2 Tutorial 8-3
 
 ADD Excel Data Base Spreadsheets (Global Market Forecast, 2010-2017)
 o Detailed Data: ASP ($, each); Quantity (Million); Value ($, Million) for all Regions
 ADD Power Point Market Data Figures (Global Market Forecast, 2010-2017)
 
 List of Tables
 
 1.1.1 HB-LED Driver IC Global Consumption Market Forecast, By Region ($Million) 1-10
 1.1.2 HB-LED Driver IC Global Consumption Market Forecast, By Application ($Million) 1-16
 2.1 LED Color Variety – Selected Examples 2-9
 2.1 LED Color Chart 2-11
 1.2.1 Comparison of Lighting Technologies 1-36
 3.1.1 HB-LED Driver IC Global Consumption Market Forecast, By Application ($Million) 3-16
 3.1.2 HB-LED Driver IC Global Consumption Market Forecast, By Application (Quantity: Unit/Million) 3-17
 3.1.3 HB-LED Driver IC Global Consumption Market Forecast, By Application (ASP: Price, each $) 3-17
 3.3.1 Calculation of the Cost of Manufacturing Facility Downtime 3-109
 3.3.2 Comparison of Lighting Technologies 3-110
 3.3.3 Taiwan: LED-packaging designers and manufacturers 3-115
 3.3.4 PAR Lamp Designation and Nominal Diameter 3-127
 3.4.1 Samsung Electronics 2011 TV Sales Targets 3-143
 3.6.1 Consumer-Based Comparison – LED Displays vs. Incandescent Signs 2-169
 8.1.1 ElectroniCast Market Forecast Database Application Category Hierarchy List 8-2
 
 List of Figures
 
 1.1.1 Example: LED Driver Integrated Circuits 1-4
 1.1.2 Example: LED Driver Integrated Circuits 1-8
 1.1.3 Diagram: Application Circuit for Integrated Circuit Operation 1-13
 1.1.4 Single-die LED: 1000 lm at 100 lm/W at 3A 1-18
 1.1.5 Example of LED Packaged Chip (Component-Level) Bulb 1-19
 1.1.6 Example of LED Packaged Chip (Component-Level) Bulb 1-19
 1.1.7 Example of LED Packaged Chip (Component-Level Bulb) Surface Mount Variations 1-20
 1.1.8 Example of LED Packaged Chip: Flux (Component-Level Bulb) 1-21
 1.1.9 Example of High Brightness LED Packaged Chip (Component-Bulb) 1-22
 1.1.10 LED-Based Street Lights for Use in Central America 1-31
 1.1.11 Architectural Monument Lighting in India using LEDs 1-50
 1.2.6 Diagram of a Typical LED Chip 1-51
 1.2.7 Diagram of a Typical LED Chip 1-52
 1.2.3 LED Chip Cross-Sectional Structure 1-53
 1.2.4 ESD Protection Diodes 1-54
 2.1 LED Chromatic Chart 2-10
 2.2 Evolution of Research Emphasis During Technology Life Cycle 2-12
 2.3 LED Chip: Metal Layer (Thin Film Technology) 2-13
 2.4 Vertical LED Chip 2-14
 2.5 AC LED Technology on a Wafer 2-20
 2.6 Ultra High Bright LED Chip 2-21
 2.7 Ultra-Thin LED 2-24
 2.8 Solid-State Lighting LED 2-25
 2.9 LED Module with High Light Quality 2-26
 2.10 Transparent and flexible inorganic, organic hybrid n-type: Thin Film Transistors (TFTs) 2-30
 2.11 Lumiramic Phosphor Technology: Thin Film Flip Chip (TFFC) technology 2-31
 2.12 Wire-to-Board LED Connector 2-34
 2.13 Next-Generation Light Emitting Diode Module 2-38
 2.14 4-Leaded RGB LED 2-40
 2.15 Vertically Conducting Advanced LED Structure 2-44
 2.16 AlGaInP LED Efficacy 2-46
 3.1.1 World Map – Cooperation on Reducing GHG Emissions 3-2
 3.1.2 Diagram: LED Driver with Dynamic Headroom Control 3-8
 3.1.3 Power Supply Control IC 3-10
 3.1.4 Block Diagram: Power Supply Control IC 3-11
 3.1.5 Flicker-Free Dimming Small-Outline / 8-pin LED Driver IC 3-12
 3.1.6 LED Mesh Display 3-15
 3.2.1 Market Forecast of HB-LED Driver ICs Used in Vehicles, By Region ($Million) 3-19
 3.2.2 LED Lighting in Automobiles 3-20
 3.2.3 HB-LED Driver IC Application Circuit Diagram 3-21
 3.2.4 Market Forecast of HB-LED Driver ICs Used in Vehicle Interior Lighting, By Region ($Million) 3-22
 3.2.5 Market Forecast of HB-LED Driver ICs Used in Vehicle Exterior Lighting, By Region ($Million) 3-25
 3.2.6 Market Forecast of HB-LED Driver ICs Used in Vehicle Display Back-Lighting, By Region ($Million) 3-26
 3.2.7 Automotive LED Headlights 3-30
 3.2.8 Automotive LED Headlights 3-31
 3.2.9 Public Transit Bus: LED Stairwell Light 3-33
 3.2.10.a Assorted LED Lighting Profile Devices 3-34
 3.2.10.b Assorted LED Lighting Profile Devices 3-35
 3.2.10.b Assorted LED Lighting Profile Devices 3-35
 3.2.10.b Assorted LED Lighting Profile Devices 3-36
 3.2.11 Federal Lighting Location Requirements for Buses 3-37
 3.2.12 Fully illuminated Rail Car LED Reading and Down Lights 3-41
 3.2.13 Bus with LED-Based Destination Signage 3-44
 3.2.14 FBCB2 Computer and Display 3-49
 3.2.15 Rotary Wing Aircraft Cockpit Display 3-52
 
 List of Figures –(Continued)
 
 3.2.16 NVIS-Friendly Exterior Aircraft Lighting 3-53
 3.2.17 HMS Queen Elizabeth and HMS Prince of Wales 3-55
 3.2.18 LED-Base Wave-Off Light System for Aircraft Carriers 3-60
 3.2.19 Helicopter Visual Approach System 3-61
 3.3.1 Market Forecast of HB-LED Driver ICs Used in SSL-General Lighting, By Region ($Million) 3-65
 3.3.2 Market Forecast of HB-LED Driver ICs Used in SSL-Street Lighting, By Region ($Million) 3-66
 3.3.3 Market Forecast of HB-LED Driver ICs Used in SSL-Other Exterior Lighting, By Region ($Million) 3-67
 3.3.4 Market Forecast of HB-LED Driver ICs Used in SSL-Interior Lighting, By Region ($Million) 3-68
 3.3.5 LED-Based Operating Theater Lighting 3-80
 3.3.6 LED-Based Operating Theater Lighting 3-82
 3.3.7 LED-Based Operating Theater Lighting 3-83
 3.3.8 Airfield: Runway Edge LED Solar Lighting 3-87
 3.3.9 Solar Powered Airfield Light 3-88
 3.3.10 LED Technology for Stage Lighting 3-92
 3.3.11 Entertainment & Architectural Lighting: Multiple Color LED in a Surface-Mount (SMT) Package 3-93
 3.3.12 Color Mixer Reflector for LED Technology Lighting 3-94
 3.3.13 LED Technology for Under-Cabinet Lighting 3-95
 3.3.14 Production-Lighting: Small Rectangle LED Light Fixture 3-102
 3.3.15 Production Lighting: 8.3-inch LED Circular Spot 3-103
 3.3.16 Production Lighting: 14x14-inch LED Light Panel 3-104
 3.3.17 Production Lighting: LED Circular Fresnel Spot Fixtures 3-105
 3.3.18 48-inch Fluorescent Replacement Style LED Light Fixture 3-111
 3.3.19 Solar-Powered LED Street Lighting 2-120
 3.3.20 LED Lighting Martin Place (Sydney Australia) 3-122
 3.3.21 Australia: LED Lamps installed in Parking Lot 3-123
 3.3.22 Australia: LED Streetlights 3-124
 3.3.23 A19 Bulbs (Consumer-Level Bulb/LED LAMP) 3-126
 3.3.24 LED-Based PAR 30 Lamp 3-128
 3.3.25 LED-Based PAR 30 Lamp 3-128
 3.3.26 General Service LED-based Lamp (A-Style Bulb Category) 3-133
 3.3.27 9W MR16 LED Replacement Lamp 3-136
 3.3.28 Complete Fixture and Replacement Bulb Streetlight (Lamp) 3-127
 3.3.29 Samples of Lighting Fixture Types 3-139
 3.4.1 72-inch LED-based LCD-TV 3-148
 3.4.2 Microlens White LED Lightguides for LCD Display 3-150
 3.4.3 Global Forecast: HB-LED Driver ICs in TV, Desktop, and Monitor: Backlight, By Region ($Million) 3-156
 3.5.1 Portable Device: LED-Backlit IPS Display 3-157
 3.5.2 Projection LED in Surface Mount Technology (SMT) 3-160
 3.5.3 Tri-Mode Charge Pump Driver IC for White LED (WLED) 3-165
 3.5.4 RGB LED Driver IC/PCB Design for a Portable Projector 3-166
 3.5.5 Global Forecast: HB-LED Driver ICs Portable/Small/Notebook/Other: Backlight, Region ($Million) 3-167
 3.6.1 Sub SMT Full-Color Indoor LED Display 3-168
 3.6.2 Outdoors High Brightness LED Display Board 3-170
 3.6.3 LED Displays for Airports 3-171
 3.6.4 Outdoor Roadside Billboard LED Video Display 3-172
 3.6.5 USA Map/Location of their LED-based Digital Billboards 3-173
 3.6.6 LED traffic Information Board: China 3-174
 3.6.7 LED-Based Information Sign for Rapid Transit 3-175
 3.6.8 LED Flexible Displays: Curtain/Drapery Walls 3-176
 3.6.9 Illuminating Signs – LED Lighting Technology 3-175
 3.6.10 Neon Sign Technology and LED Channel Letters (Signage) 3-179
 3.6.11 LED Tube Light for Backlighting Signs 3-180
 3.6.12 LED-Based Lighting Displaying Food 3-183
 3.6.13 Comparison Table: Highly-Reliable Dies versus Conventional 3-184
 3.6.14 LED numerical displays 3-185
 3.6.15 LED-Based Professional LCD Display 3-186
 3.6.16 LED-Based Professional LCD Display 3-187
 3.6.17 Global Forecast of HB-LED Driver ICs Used in Signage and Professional Displays By Region 3-188
 3.7.1 Market Forecast of HB-LED Driver ICs in Stationary Signals/Traffic Signals, By Region ($Million) 3-189
 3.7.2 LED Traffic Lighting Retrofit 3-195
 
 List of Figures –(Continued)
 
 3.6.16 LED-Based Professional LCD Display 3-187
 3.6.17 Global Forecast of HB-LED Driver ICs Used in Signage and Professional Displays By Region 3-188
 3.7.1 Market Forecast of HB-LED Driver ICs in Stationary Signals/Traffic Signals, By Region ($Million) 3-189
 3.7.2 LED Traffic Lighting Retrofit 3-195
 3.7.3 Snow Scoop Tunnel Visor 3-196
 3.7.4 Obstruction Bulbs (Lamps) - Flashing - 138 red or amber LEDs 3-197
 3.8.1 Forecast HB-LED Driver ICs in Test/Medical/Science/Specialty Applications By Region ($Million) 3-207
 3.8.2 UV LED-based Portable Fluorescent Forgery Detectors 3-222
 3.8.3 Automated Flying-Insect Detection System (AFIDS) 3-225
 3.8.4 Non-invasively tracks the direction of a person’s gaze in real time 3-227
 3.8.5 FLIPPER - light-emitting diode excites fluorescence in the sample flow cell 3-232
 3.8.6 Nano-sized "carbon dots" glow brightly when exposed to light 3-234
 3.8.7 Variable wavelength HPLC/CE detector 3-243
 3.8.8 Light doses range in LED Phototherapy 3-254
 3.8.9 Therapeutic Visible Light Spectrum 3-255
 3.8.10 Skin Treatment Therapies Utilizing LED Photo-modulation, Typical LED Array (Red) 3-257
 3.8.11 Blue LED Arrays 3-261
 3.8.12 Apparatus Containing Arrays of LEDs 3-267
 3.8.13 LEDs – Different Colors for Fluorescence Microscopy Applications 3-280
 3.8.14 (Theodolite) Ring Light 3-282
 5.1 PCB Assembly 5-24
 5.2 LED Backlit Display 5-26
 5.3 Rugged Touch Screen with NVIS Capability 5-41
 5.4 LED Down light with 102 Lumens per Watt Fixture 5-55
 5.5 LED Lighting Military Solutions 5-58
 5.6 LED Lighting in Railway Station 5-60
 5.7 LED Technology Safelight Design 5-71
 5.8 LED Lighting (water flow stream) 5-75
 5.9 NVIS/LED Control Panel 5-79
 5.10 Integrated Weapons Delivery System 5-80
 5.11 Cockpit Modular Display/Panel 5-89
 5.12 Cockpit Large Area Display 5-90
 5.13 Traffic Lamp LED 5-97
 5.14 High Power LED Lamp 5-97
 5.15 Surface Mount Type LED 5-98
 5.16 Surface Mount Type LED 5-101
 5.17 Exterior Aircraft LED Lighting 5-105
 5.18 High-brightness LED Module 5-119
 5.19 Surface-Mount Multi-layer Ceramic Packages 5-122
 5.20 LED Linear Optical Array 5-129
 5.21 Solid-State NVIS Lamps 5-141
 5.22 LED Escalator Light 5-145
 5.23 Nanostructures Designed for Different Color Emission 5-149
 5.24 LED Array Lighting – Lamp 5-155
 5.25 Light-Measurement Device 5-164
 5.26 SSL LED: Replacement for Halogen Lamp in Spotlights 5-170
 5.27 LED-Based Digital Billboard (Signage/Display) 5-185
 5.28 Diagram of Backlight LED Drivers 5-188
 5.29 Diagram of Multifunction Backlight LED Drivers 5-189
 5.30 Diagram of White Backlight LED Drivers 5-190
 5.31 Diagram White Backlight LED Drivers 5-191
 5.32 Rotary Wing Aircraft Cockpit Display 5-193
 5.33 Ultra-Thin LED 5-205
 5.34 Quality Management System in LED Manufacturing 5-209
 5.35 Military and Harsh-Environment LEDs 5-229
 5.36 LED-Based Marine Biology Lighting Device 5-233
 6.1 Market Research & Forecasting Methodology